HOW DHCP WORK:
DHCP is used to allocate IP address Dynamically to to the clients on a network.
DHCP Components:
DHCP Client:it is a service available to the Clients OS as well as Server OS.DHCP client service is requesting for IP address and obtaining ip from dhcp server.
DHCP Server :Define a scope (IP address Range) for the clients and lease (time duration) so that every time clients uses ip for a sepecific period and after that ip is changed .
IP ADDRESS TYPES:
static vs Dynamic ip:
Static : Fixed ip address
Dynamic : Not fixed and change frequently
DORA Process:
DHCP uses 4 Types of Packets for ip address allocation
DISCOVER Packet:
is used to search a DHCP server on the Network, client does'nt have ip address , so they sends Discover Packets for searching a valid dhcp server on the network.if any dhcp server found , client is request ip address , if clients does'nt found any dhcp server on the network client is uses a APIPA adress automatically.
APIPA(Automatic Private IP Adress) Range between 169.254.00-169.254.255.255
if the client uses APIPA , DHCP Discover Packets continuously forward .if any dhcp server found client release the APIPA ip address and obtain ip from DHCP server.
